PathMinder 4000 Doorway Tailgate Sensor Array – Generic Specifications

v1.6 2003/10/10

Options are designated by [ option 1 | option 2 ]

1.	Doorway Tailgate Sensor
1.1.	General description: The doorway tailgate sensor array shall monitor and be able to restrict pedestrian traffic between public and secure areas.  Each doorway tailgate sensor shall use an array of optical sensors to determine the number and direction of persons passing through the doorway/passageway.  Each unit shall be able to authorize passage such that only persons presenting a valid electronic security card (or other authentication device) gain access.  Tailgate sensors shall be integrated with the building access control system.
1.2.	Physical description:
1.2.1.	The doorway tailgate sensor system shall be composed of two electrically controlled barrier free optical tailgate sensors permanently mounted to floor and to [door frame | opposite walls of a hallway].
1.2.2.	Each lane (two paired units) shall consist of the main detection and activation unit containing optical transmitters and receivers as required by the design of the system.
1.2.3.	All tailgate sensor processing and access control integration electronics [shall be contained within the tailgate sensor housing (bowed side housing) | shall be mounted in an access control panel or other separate enclosure near the tailgate sensor (slimline housing)].
1.3.	Tailgate sensor needs:
1.3.1.	The installation shall consist of NN individual lanes of tailgate sensors (two housings per lane).
1.4.	Appearance: Each unit shall be housed in a [brushed #4 stainless steel | muntz | mirrored stainless steel | wood veneer | powder coat painted gray steel] housing with easily accessed but discrete fasteners, rectangular in plan with dimensions approximately 12” in length by [4” in width (bowed side housing) | 2” in width (slimline housing)] by 40” in height.  Each unit’s internal structure shall be made of steel.
1.5.	Detection sensors: Design of the unit shall feature at least 12 optical sensors.
1.5.1.	Each sensor shall be composed of a separate transmitter and receiver; no reflectors shall be used.
1.5.2.	Each sensor shall resist all interference from natural and indoor lighting.
1.5.3.	Each sensor shall use pulsed beams (beams that rapidly turn on and off) to allow perfect operation in direct sunlight and so as not to be fooled by a flashlight.
1.5.4.	Each infrared beam shall have a minimum transmitted span of 20° to allow for perfect operation when units are dramatically misaligned. Units that require careful alignment for proper operation shall not be acceptable. 
1.5.5.	Sensors shall be deployed in a matrix configuration, such that each optical receiver shall detect the beams from several optical transmitters; the optical detection matrix shall offer at least 48 unique detection beams.
1.5.6.	Sensor beams shall travel at varying angles across the lane; not all beams shall be perfectly parallel to the closed door (i.e., at 90 degrees relative to the sides of the tailgate sensor); some beams shall travel diagonally across the lane so as to better defend against tailgaters
1.5.7.	Sensors shall be deployed at three or more different heights (for example, 10”, 23”, and 36” off the ground) to defend against someone trying to crawl or roll through the lane
1.6.	State control:
1.6.1.	The tailgate sensor shall be bi-directional, allowing traffic in both directions.  Each direction may be in one of three states:
1.6.1.1.	Free passage: all persons are authorized to pass under all conditions.
1.6.1.2.	Card access: each person must present a valid security card to the card reader before being authorized to pass.
1.6.1.3.	Lane closed: no persons are authorized to pass, and security cards are ignored.
1.7.	Door interface:
1.7.1.	The tailgate sensor shall be responsible for generating the door strike and monitoring the door contact.
1.7.2.	The tailgate sensor shall activate the door strike (allow the door to be opened) when one of two conditions is met:
1.7.2.1.	The “access granted” signal is received from the access control system
1.7.2.2.	The tailgate sensor is in “free exit” mode and a person walks into the detection array; this eliminates the need for a request-to-exit button adjacent to the door.  It shall be possible for the end-user to enable or disable this feature at will.
1.7.3.	The tailgate sensor shall re-lock the door immediately after it opens.
1.7.4.	The tailgate sensor shall monitor the physical door contact; it shall only send a door contact to the access control system when the door has been opened and a person has walked through the detection array; the tailgate sensor shall not generate a door contact when the door has been opened but no-one has entered or exited.
1.8.	Card readers:
1.8.1.	Design of unit shall accept communications with card readers provided by [INSERT CARD READER MFGR HERE]
1.8.2.	Card readers shall be mounted on wall, door frame, or other nearby surface
1.8.3.	The tailgate sensor shall support any card reader that is compatible with the access control system.
1.8.4.	It shall be possible to shunt one card reader in a lane when the other has recently accepted a card (to prevent two people from passing through the lane in opposite directions simultaneously).
1.9.	System integration:
1.9.1.	The design of the units shall provide a minimum of 16 dry contact inputs and 6 dry contact outputs (each selectable as either a normally open or a normally closed contact), including:
1.9.1.1.	access granted input × 2, access denied input × 2
1.9.1.2.	lane open input × 2, lane closed input × 2, guard authorized access input × 2
1.9.1.3.	door contact output × 2, unauthorized entry output × 2
1.9.1.4.	general alarm output × 1, trouble alarm output × 1
1.9.1.5.	clear alarm input × 1
1.9.1.6.	diagnostic mode input × 1
1.9.1.7.	service mode input × 1
1.9.1.8.	auxiliary input × 1
1.9.2.	The design shall be able to monitor Wiegand format card readers, and shall provide:
1.9.2.1.	Wiegand format (6-cable) card reader input × 2
1.9.2.2.	Wiegand format (6-cable) card reader output × 2
1.9.3.	The design of the units shall provide three separate audio outputs for:
1.9.3.1.	alarm buzzer (tailgating, beam blocked, etc.)
1.9.3.2.	access granted buzzer
1.9.3.3.	access denied buzzer
1.9.4.	Each unit shall accept guard shunt inputs to permit remote release (by authorized personnel).
1.9.5.	Each unit shall signal the passage of a pedestrian in each direction (in/out).
1.9.6.	Each unit shall signal the access control system when there is trouble with the unit.
1.9.7.	Each dry contact input shall have a corresponding LED to show the status of that contact input (for debugging purposes); the LED shall turn on when the contact input is closed, and the LED shall turn off when the contact input is open.
1.9.8.	It shall be possible to control the tailgate sensor (set free passage/card access/lane closed mode, clear alarms, manually authorize access for a single person) by all of the following methods:
1.9.8.1.	from the access control system (via dry contacts)
1.9.8.2.	from a desktop-mounted control panel (supplied separately by tailgate sensor manufacturer)
1.9.8.3.	from a Windows-based software package (supplied separately by tailgate sensor manufacturer, and using a standard RS-232 serial cable)
1.9.9.	It shall be possible to control “integration parameters” from dip switches within the tailgate sensor and from a Windows-based software package (supplied separately by tailgate sensor manufacturer, and using a standard RS-232 serial cable).  Independently configurable parameters shall include:
1.9.9.1.	whether the audible outputs should be a solid tone or whether they should beep several times
1.9.9.2.	the rate at which the audible outputs pulse (their beeping speed)
1.9.9.3.	the total length of the audible alarm, in seconds
1.9.9.4.	the rate at which the end lights flash (during alarm)
1.9.9.5.	the total length of the visual (flashing light) alarm
1.9.9.6.	whether to infer that access has been denied if an access granted signal isn’t received in a given period of time; also, the length of time to wait
1.9.9.7.	the length of time to allow a beam to be blocked before generating an alarm
1.9.9.8.	whether to generate an alarm when a person partially enters the sensor array then backs out
1.9.9.9.	whether to generate door contacts when a person walks through a lane in free passage mode
1.9.9.10.	the length of the door contact pulses generated when people walk through
1.9.10.	In particular, it shall be possible for the installer/end-user to set different timeouts for the audible and visible alarms (i.e., it shall be possible to, for each alarm, generate a two second audible tone and have the end and top lights flash for 10 seconds).
1.10.	User interface:
1.10.1.	Design of the unit shall feature colored lights on one end of the door-frame-mounted tailgate sensor, or on both ends of the wall-mounted tailgate sensor, clearly visible by a person approaching from a distance in direct sunlight.  The lights shall appear on the left-hand and right-hand sides of each lane in each direction; thus, each lane will have an end light at each exposed corner.
1.10.2.	Design of unit shall feature 3 colors of lights to signal and direct an approaching pedestrian, using LEDs or other approved long life light source.
1.10.2.1.	Yellow shall mean unit ready to accept user card.
1.10.2.2.	Green shall mean acceptance of card and permission granted to proceed.
1.10.2.3.	Red shall mean that the lane is closed/disabled.
1.10.2.4.	Alternating red and yellow shall indicate permission denied.
1.10.2.5.	Flashing red shall indicate an alarm.
1.11.	Accessibility:
1.11.1.	All units shall comply with ADA regulations.
1.11.2.	The length and the shape of the housing shall be designed to comply with ADA while maintaining a 32” lane width.  The design shall also comply with ADA guidelines at a 36” width.
1.11.3.	A separate swing gate or separate ADA-compliant entrance shall not be acceptable.
1.11.4.	The tailgate sensor shall detect and disregard guide dogs (i.e., the unit shall not generate an alarm when an authorized user walks through accompanied by a guide dog).
1.11.5.	The tailgate sensor shall detect and disregard wheelchairs (i.e., the unit shall not generate an alarm when an authorized user rolls through in a wheelchair).
1.11.6.	The tailgate sensor shall allow wheelchair users to partially enter the lane before presenting their electronic ID card, without an alarm being triggered (i.e., the user can roll into the lane, present the card, and roll through; the user doesn’t need to stay outside the lane and stretch awkwardly to present the card).
1.12.	Performance and reliability
1.12.1.	Throughput shall be limited only by the opening and closing of the door, and by the time it takes for the access control system to read a card and generate an “access granted” signal to unlock the door.
1.12.2.	The tailgate sensor shall be designed such that the door does not need to close behind each person.  Each person passing through an open door shall be required to present a valid electronic ID badge.
1.12.3.	Design of the unit shall provide for the sensing of "tailgating" of detecting pedestrians walking 1/4" apart.  Detection of tailgating shall trigger the alarm.
1.12.4.	The unit shall detect 99.9% of all such tailgating events
1.12.5.	The tailgate sensor shall detect the direction of travel of each person, and check which card reader last accepted a valid card, and generate an alarm if there is a disparity; for example, if a person on the secure side presents a valid badge, reaches over the tailgate sensor detection area, and pushes the door open to let someone from the insecure side (who has not presented a badge) enter, an alarm shall be generated
1.12.6.	The unit shall generate less than 0.1% false alarms (less than one false alarm in 1000 passages).
1.12.7.	The unit shall use no moving parts. In particular, the unit shall use no cooling fans; cooling fans fail over time, and cause cascading failures as components overheat.
1.13.	Alarms:
1.13.1.	Design of the unit shall feature the activation of an alarm and signal to the security system (via a relay contact closure), with automatic reset to "ready" mode after an adjustable time period.  It shall be possible to have simultaneous audible and visual alarms (flashing lights) on the tailgate sensor.  It shall be possible to adjust the length of the audible alarm independently of the length of the visual alarm.
1.13.2.	It shall be possible to terminate an alarm from a remote switch (mounted on the guard desk), from a desktop control panel, or from a Windows software package (available separately).
1.13.3.	Design of the unit shall trigger an intermittent alarm if the lane is blocked longer than a period of time (which shall be adjustable) and cause the "do not enter" signals to flash, with adjustable duration.
1.13.4.	The tailgate sensors shall be fault tolerant:
1.13.4.1.	The tailgate sensor shall detect and discern common objects carried by people, and will avoid generating alarms for: wheeled carry-on size suitcases (pushed in front of or pulled behind the person), briefcases, purses, book bags, canes, umbrellas, guide dogs.
1.13.4.2.	The unit shall be able to detect, discern, and avoid generating alarms for common objects while still offering ¼” tailgatedetection (i.e., units that can only offer a low false alarm rate when “security sensitivity” is reduced shall not be acceptable).
1.13.4.3.	The tailgate sensor shall not generate an alarm if only a single beam is broken.
1.13.4.4.	The tailgate sensor shall not shunt any sensors during the passage; all detection beams shall remain active at all times.
1.13.4.5.	Unless in “service mode”, the tailgate sensor shall not ignore sensors or objects in the detection array at any time; ignoring beam activity for a given period of time as or after a person walks through shall not be an acceptable method of reducing false alarms due to swinging arms, purses, packages, etc.
1.13.4.6.	The tailgate sensor shall allow a person to partially enter the lane before an access granted is received without generating an alarm; it shall be possible to configure the sensitivity to persons partially entering the lane.
1.13.4.7.	The tailgate sensor shall not generate an alarm when it is bumped or otherwise pushed out of alignment.